よむ、つかう、まなぶ。
第24回過労死等防止対策推進協議会 全体版資料 (105 ページ)
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[Column] Importance of the Quantity and Quality of Breaks for Workers to Recover from
Fatigue
(Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health)
What is the opposite of work? I, as this column's author and a Senior Researcher, often ask this question to the participants at the
beginning of my own lectures. In Japan, the most common answer given at all venues was "rest." Conversely, when I gave lectures in
Europe, "play" was the most common answer, whereas no one answered "rest." I consider this difference to be very interesting when
considering the work culture in Japan. In other words, since "work is tiring" in the minds of Japanese people, the answer "rest" probably
comes to mind as the opposite word. Conversely, Europeans, who value their personal time, work with a clear distinction between "working
for a living and taking off for pleasure," so they are likely to answer "play" more often.
Conventional industrial fatigue research assumes that workers recover from fatigue once leaving the workplace because they are free
from work-related restraints. However, with the development of IT and communications equipment and the spread of telework due to
COVID-19, workers are increasingly subject to psychological restraints caused by their work, even after they leave the workplace.
Interval: p=0.001
Email frequency: p=0.289
Interaction: p=001
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
Email frequency
_ lower
Good (mm): VAS method
Interval: p=0.001
Email frequency: p=0.595
Interaction: p=002
High (mm): VAS method
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
(C) Psychological-detachment
(upon awakening)
(B) Work fatigue
(upon awakening)
Interval: p=0.035
Email frequency: p=0.271
Interaction: p=0.329
Email frequency
_ lower
Furthermore, when the work-interval is long (originally
when the work-interval is short, the distance from work is not
sufficiently secured and the effect of email frequency is less
likely to appear), higher email frequency was found to carry
over work fatigue (B, right) and decrease psychologicaldetachment (C, right), a finding that suggests the utility of
the "right not to connect," the right to refuse work contact
outside work hours.
(A) Salivary cortisol
(upon awakening)
High (nmol/L) awakening response
Over a period of one month, 58 IT workers were repeatedly
measured for length of work-intervals, frequency of work emails
outside of work hours and fatigue-related indicators. First, the
secretion of salivary cortisol (a biomarker of stress) tended
to be higher in the group with shorter work intervals (A),
which can be considered a finding that reaffirms the
importance of securing work-intervals.
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
(Source) Kubo et al. 2021
(Note 1) Higher stress levels increase salivary cortisol secretion.
(Note 2) Psychological detachment: Being psychologically detached from one's work.
As information and communication technology develops, the number of work styles blurring the line between on-work and off-work is
likely to increase even more in future. It will thus be crucial to ensure, through organizational and individual efforts, an environment in
which employees can not only physically leave work, but also psychologically leave the restraints of work.
105
Fatigue
(Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health)
What is the opposite of work? I, as this column's author and a Senior Researcher, often ask this question to the participants at the
beginning of my own lectures. In Japan, the most common answer given at all venues was "rest." Conversely, when I gave lectures in
Europe, "play" was the most common answer, whereas no one answered "rest." I consider this difference to be very interesting when
considering the work culture in Japan. In other words, since "work is tiring" in the minds of Japanese people, the answer "rest" probably
comes to mind as the opposite word. Conversely, Europeans, who value their personal time, work with a clear distinction between "working
for a living and taking off for pleasure," so they are likely to answer "play" more often.
Conventional industrial fatigue research assumes that workers recover from fatigue once leaving the workplace because they are free
from work-related restraints. However, with the development of IT and communications equipment and the spread of telework due to
COVID-19, workers are increasingly subject to psychological restraints caused by their work, even after they leave the workplace.
Interval: p=0.001
Email frequency: p=0.289
Interaction: p=001
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
Email frequency
_ lower
Good (mm): VAS method
Interval: p=0.001
Email frequency: p=0.595
Interaction: p=002
High (mm): VAS method
Email frequency
_ higher
Email frequency
_ lower
Email frequency
_ higher
(C) Psychological-detachment
(upon awakening)
(B) Work fatigue
(upon awakening)
Interval: p=0.035
Email frequency: p=0.271
Interaction: p=0.329
Email frequency
_ lower
Furthermore, when the work-interval is long (originally
when the work-interval is short, the distance from work is not
sufficiently secured and the effect of email frequency is less
likely to appear), higher email frequency was found to carry
over work fatigue (B, right) and decrease psychologicaldetachment (C, right), a finding that suggests the utility of
the "right not to connect," the right to refuse work contact
outside work hours.
(A) Salivary cortisol
(upon awakening)
High (nmol/L) awakening response
Over a period of one month, 58 IT workers were repeatedly
measured for length of work-intervals, frequency of work emails
outside of work hours and fatigue-related indicators. First, the
secretion of salivary cortisol (a biomarker of stress) tended
to be higher in the group with shorter work intervals (A),
which can be considered a finding that reaffirms the
importance of securing work-intervals.
Interval _ shorter Interval _ longer
(Source) Kubo et al. 2021
(Note 1) Higher stress levels increase salivary cortisol secretion.
(Note 2) Psychological detachment: Being psychologically detached from one's work.
As information and communication technology develops, the number of work styles blurring the line between on-work and off-work is
likely to increase even more in future. It will thus be crucial to ensure, through organizational and individual efforts, an environment in
which employees can not only physically leave work, but also psychologically leave the restraints of work.
105