ⅴ. Salmonella spp.
Monitoring of 12 agents in chicken-derived strains was carried out between 2012 and 2017, but MEPM was
added in 2018, bringing the number monitored to 13. Among chicken-derived strains in 2018, resistance to SM
and TC exceeding 70%, resistance to KM exceeding 60%, and resistance to ST exceeding 50% was observed. On
the other hand, CEZ or CP resistance was less than 4% and no resistance to GM was observed. In the realm of
critically important antimicrobials for human medicine, the rate of resistance to CTX was 2.6%, resistance to CL
or CPFX was less than 1%, and no resistance to MEPM was observed. Looking at trends in resistance rates to each
agent between 2012 and 2017, while a decline was observed in ABPC and CEZ resistance since 2012, a rise in
KM resistance has been observed over the same period.
The Salmonella serotypes most commonly isolated from poultry slaughterhouses in FY2015-2018 were S.
Schwarzengrund, S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Manhattan. In a comparison of Salmonella serotypes isolated
from poultry slaughterhouses with those isolated from food and from humans (source: Nippon AMR One Health
Report 2019: Table 19) (Table 57, Figure 1), the same trends were observed in Salmonella serotypes isolated from
poultry slaughterhouses as in those isolated from food. The top five serotypes isolated from poultry
slaughterhouses were the same as those isolated from food, respectively accounting for 97% and 84% of all
serotypes from those sources, which suggested a relationship between them. On the other hand, the serotypes
isolated from humans were more diverse than those isolated from poultry slaughterhouses and food, with the top
five serotypes isolated from poultry slaughterhouses accounting for 24% of human-derived strains, which
suggested the possibility that there are variety of origin other than poultry or their food products. In a comparison
of resistance rates between S. Schwarzengrund and S. Infantis, which are the top two serotypes accounting for the
majority of strains isolated from poultry slaughterhouses (Table 58, Figure 2) (source: Nippon AMR One Health
Report 2019: Table 29), similarities between food-derived and poultry slaughterhouse-derived strains were found
in respect of resistance to KM, SM, and TC in S. Infantis and resistance to KM and TC in S. Schwarzengrund.
However, the fact that they showed a different trend from that seen in resistance rates among human-derived
strains suggested the possibility that there are sources of these serotypes isolated from humans other than poultry
and their food products.
Table 55. The proportion (%) of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp. derived from poultry
slaughterhouses
Agent
ABPC

BP
32*
32 (8* from
CEZ
2016)
CTX
4*
MEPM
4*
SM
32
GM
16*
KM
64*
TC
16*
CP
32*
16 (4* from
CL
2016)
NA
32*
4 (1* from
CPFX
2016)
ST
76/4*
Strains tested (n)
The unit of BP is μg/mL.
* BP follows CLSI Criteria.

Animal
Chickens

2012
31.9

2013
22.9

2014
17.2

2015
13.0

2016
13.5

2017
8.0

2018
6.8

Chickens

7.4

5.9

3.1

1.6

7.7

2.5

3.4

Chickens
Chickens
Chickens
Chickens
Chickens
Chickens
Chickens

7.4
－
77.7
0.0
31.9
74.5
0.0

5.1
－
84.7
0.0
42.4
82.2
0.8

2.3
－
85.9
0.0
57.8
85.2
1.6

1.6
－
76.4
0.0
69.1
83.7
1.6

1.9
－
77.9
0.0
72.1
82.7
0.0

1.8
－
60.7
0.0
73.2
77.7
0.9

2.6
0.0
77.8
0.0
66.7
77.8
1.7

Chickens

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.9

Chickens

29.8

19.5

17.2

15.4

12.5

17.0

18.8

Chickens

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.9

Chickens
Chickens

31.9
94

48.3
118

51.6
128

57.7
123

56.7
104

55.4
112

53.0
117

44